There was y there were es el tiempo pasado de there is y there are. Equivalen estas formas a hubo o había en español. There was es singular y there were es plural. Was there y were there son las formas interrogativas, y there wasn’t y there weren’t son las formas negativas.

Singular

Afirmativo
There was a book on the table	hay un libro
Negativo
There wasn´t a book on the table	No hay un libro
Interrogativo
was there a book on the table?	¿hay un libro?

Plural

Afirmativo
There were five books on the table
Negativo
There weren´t five books on the table
Interrogativo
were there five books on the table?

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